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Self-verification cannot reach pass@N

Increasing inference compute reduces the variance of model judgments but does not eliminate bias, causing accuracy to plateau below pass@N. The authors analyze recent test-time scaling methods through the lens of these two factors.

Field
training language models
What they did
Researchers showed that increasing compute for self-verification makes model evaluations more consistent, but not necessarily correct, as systematic errors persist.
Why it matters
This helps understand fundamental limits of methods where models check their own answers and simplifies design choice selection for such systems.
#self-evaluation#bias#variance#test-time compute#llm

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